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Encephaliti s     What is encephalitis  ? Encephalitis: the acute infection and inflammation of the brain. Encephalitis is generally a virus caused illness. A very common way the virus is spread is by mosquito. The equine (horse), La Crosse, Japanese, West Nile, and St. Luis encephalitis are all caused by mosquito. *although most commonly caused by viruses, it can also be caused by bacteria, fungi, and parasites* The illness lasts an average of 2-3 weeks. It can be a very mild illness to a life-threatening one, there is a 30% death rate from Arboviruse cases. *The 30% death rate comes from the CDC fact sheet, but they report it is hard to guess the amount of deaths, and the spread of the disease, because it is greatly underreported because it resembles the flu* *An Arboviruse is a family of viruses carried by insects and ticks * Chart of the Encephalitis Virus

contact || Prompt treatment with acyclovir increases survival to 90 % || encephalitis || East Coast (from Massachusetts to Florida), Gulf Coast || Mosquito/ Birds || Often occurs in horses. High mortality rate (50-75%); frequent outcomes (seizures, slight paralysis), especially in children || encephalitis || Western United States and Canada || Mosquito/ Birds || Often occurs in horses. Particularly affects infant s || encephalitis || Western Hemisphere  || Mosquito/ Rodents || Rare in United States; low mortality rate, rare after-effects || especially in Midwestern & Southeastern regions || Mosquito/ Chipmunks, Squirrels || Most common cause of encephalitis in children younger than 16 years old || United States || Mosquito/ Birds || Mostly affects adult s || and southeastern Asia ||  Mosquito/ Birds and pig s ||  Vaccine available. See Prevention section. High morbidity/mortality rates || Symptoms  v   Fever  v   Fatigue  v   Sore Throat  v   Stiff neck and Back  v   Vomiting  v   Headache  v   Confusion  v   Irritability  v   Unsteady gait  v   Drowsiness  v   Visual sensitivity to light More severe symptoms  v   Seizures  v   Muscle weakness  v   Paralysis <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> v   Memory loss <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> v   Sudden impaired judgment <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"> v   Poor responsiveness If you develop any sign or symptoms of this, please go contact your doctor immediately. Do not hesitate because you think this is just flu. Severe symptoms can require emergency medical attention.
 * ** Disease ** || ** Geographic Location ** || ** Vector/ Hosts ** || ** Comment ** ||
 * Herpes encephalitis || United States/The world  || Human-to-human
 * West Nile encephalitis || Africa, West Asia, Middle East, United States || Mosquito/mostly birds || Majority are mild cases. Less than 1% of those infected will become severely ill. Full recovery expected. Vaccine for humans tested late 2002. ||
 * Eastern equine
 * Western equine
 * Venezuelan equine
 * La Crosse encephalitis || Throughout the United States,
 * St. Louis encephalitis || Midwestern &amp; Mid-Atlantic
 * Japanese encephalitis || Temperate Asia, southern